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It's certainly both. Take Orca's for example, it goes against their natural instincts to beach themselves (for fairly obvious reasons) and yet they have figured out that they can use it strategically to eat seals. It's still dangerous, of course, so the adults end up having to teach kids how to do it right.
Since, you know, otherwise they won't do it. Because it's taught behavior, not intrinsic knowledge.
Did I spell that right?
I could also go on and on about crows, but I don't feel like it now.
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